加拿大新移民收入 調查報告 加拿大新移民收入調查報告是基於2015年快速通道綜合評分系統指導調查進行的，此報告涵蓋了移民加拿大時的選擇因素和主要申請人收入。在加拿大，移民的收入主要受到以下因素的影響：前工作經驗、英語或法語熟練程度、教育水平和年齡。 The Income Survey Report for New Immigrants to Canada is based on the 2015 Express Entry Comprehensive Scoring System Guidance Survey, which covers selection factors and main applicant income when immigrating to Canada. In Canada, the income of immigrants is mainly affected by the following factors: previous work experience, English or French proficiency, education level and age.   該研究報告分析了2005年至2015年間的移民情況，以及2006年至2017年期間他們的收入水平，以及移民入境時擁有的特徵，並將時間分為三個不同的段落，包含了短期（1至2年）、中期（5至6年）和長期（10至11年）。本次研究中包含的新移民登陸時的主要特徵有： 加拿大工作經驗(與無工作經驗者相比)； 是否可以使用加拿大官方語言（英語或法語）； 年齡對比：年輕(25-29歲)vs年長(50-54歲)； 教育水平(本科學歷VS中學學歷)。 The study analyzes immigrants from 2005 to 2015, their income levels, and the characteristics immigrants possessed when they entered the period from 2006 to 2017, and divides time into three distinct segments, including short-term (1 to 2 years), medium term (5 to 6 years) and long term (10 to 11 years).   According to the research report, the main factors and degrees that will affect the income of new immigrants include the following aspects: 1. Work experience 2. Proficiency in Canada’s official language (English or French) 3. age 4. Education level 調查報告 加拿大新移民收入 工作經驗 移民前的工作經驗是影響新移民收入的最主要因素，擁有加拿大工作經驗的人與沒有經驗的人相比收入增加了84%。 工作經驗仍然是登陸五年後最影響新移民收入的因素，每增加一年，收入就會增加52%-59%。 在登陸十年後，加拿大的工作經驗仍然是最具影響力的因素，但隨著加拿大工作經驗的增加，其影響力逐漸減少，每增加一年加拿大工作經驗，收入僅增加45%。 work experience        Pre-immigration work experience is the most important factor affecting the income of new immigrants, and those with Canadian work experience earn 84% more than those without experience.   Work experience remains the factor that most affects newcomer income five years after landing, with each additional year associated with a 52%-59% increase in earnings.   Ten years after landing, Canadian work experience is still the most influential factor, but its influence gradually decreases as Canadian work experience increases, with each additional year of Canadian work experience only increasing earnings by 45%. 新移民收入 加拿大調查報告 語言能力(英語、法語)   在短期，非英語與法語為母語之新移民收入比母語者之新移民收入低29%。 而中期，母語移民者收入相比高出42%。 最後在長期，不精通加拿大官方語言的移民收入會減少35%。 調查報告 加拿大新移民收入 年齡   年齡也是影響移民收入的重要因素，年長移民的收入比年輕移民少27%-35%。但從長期來看，年輕移民的收入比年長移民多44%。 age It is also an important factor affecting the income of immigrants. Older immigrants earn 27%-35% less than younger immigrants But in the long run, younger immigrants earned 44 percent more than older immigrants. 教育水平   有本科學歷或者15年以上教育經歷的移民在短期內可以多掙12-24%。 在中期，有本科學歷或者15年以上教育經歷的移民收入要高出14%-21%， 而在登陸十年後，有本科學歷的移民收入要高出23%。 Education level Immigrants with a bachelor’s degree or more than 15 years of educational experience can earn 12-24% more in the short term. In the medium term, the income of immigrants with a bachelor’s degree or more than 15 years of education experience is 14%-21% higher, Ten years after landing, immigrants with a bachelor’s degree earned 23 percent more. 登陸前的收入   值得注意的是，登陸前的收入也是一個重要的隱藏影響因素。研究表明，登陸前的收入比其他變數對新移民三個時期的收入影響更大。 Earnings Before Landing the It is worth noting that the income before landing is also an important hidden influencing factor. Research shows that pre-landing income has a greater impact on.....

加拿大 美國 留學 比較 加拿大和美國的教育體系都十分成熟，同時也都是台灣朋友們的熱門 留學 目的地！兩地似乎沒有文化隔閡，卻又有相當大的差別？甚至有人說「去加拿大讀書只是去不了美國的次要選擇？」，究竟加拿大是不是「低配版」的美國呢？讓我們一起來 比較 一下兩地的優缺點吧！ 加拿大 美國 留學 比較 1. 昂貴的精英教育 V.S 經濟的全民教育 美國 每當有人提到「美國學歷」，就令人覺得「含金量」十分之高、心生羨慕，但隨之而來的留學花費也不容小覷，對於國際學生來說，動輒每學年數萬美金的學費的確令人吃不消，另外不同於台灣學制的「難入學，易畢業」，進入美國名校後還不能鬆懈，掛科延畢都可能是家常便飯！同時美國就業市場一樣競爭，投入的資金是否能夠換得一份值得的工作？這個也是每一個學生都要去思考的。 加拿大 加拿大的高等教育其實相當親民，以留學生經常選擇的2年制文憑（Diploma）來計，2年學費可以壓在30,000加幣以內（約67萬台幣），如果是選擇學士學位（Bachelor）的朋友，也可以將4年課程壓縮至2.5到3年之間不等；如此以培養人才、就業取向的教育制度，大量、快速地輸送許多人才到加拿大的就業市場，對於學生、整體社會都有著極大效益。 Whenever someone mentions “American education”, people feel that the “gold content” is very high, and they are envious. However, the cost of studying abroad should not be underestimated. For international students, it can cost tens of thousands of dollars per academic year. The tuition fees are indeed unbearable. In addition, unlike Taiwan’s school system, which is “difficult to enroll in, easy to graduate”, you can’t relax after entering a prestigious American school, and delaying graduation may be commonplace! At the same time, the American job market is equally competitive. Can the invested funds be exchanged for a worthwhile job? This is something every student should think about. Canada’s higher education is actually very close to the people. In terms of the most practical diploma (Diploma), it only costs less than 30,000 Canadian dollars (about 670,000 Taiwan dollars) to complete the two-year study. The one-year curriculum is compressed to between 2.5 and 3 years. The employment-oriented and talent-cultivating education system can deliver talents to the job market more quickly, which is of great benefit to students and the society as a whole. 2. 嚴格的簽證關卡 V.S 友善的留學政策 美國 美國的重重關卡（簽證面試、入境盤查、查緝黑工…等）是每一個留學生最苦惱的部分，一不小心就可能被美國拒之門外、簽證費用跟著打水漂！難民、非法移民等已給美國社會帶來沉重壓力，因此各個環節無不懷疑旅客訪美的居心，簽證遭拒或與造訪目的不符的故事不絕於耳。也有一些留學生數度申請簽證才通過，傷神又傷財，紛紛表示美國夢真的不容易！ 同時以美國留學生所持有的F1簽證為例，打工多限制在校園內，對於校園外的兼職不如加拿大般開放，若是被發現違反就業規定，可能未來數年都會被美國列為不歡迎的旅客哦！ 加拿大 加拿大，一個在過去20年間增長了700多萬人口的國度，是許多年輕新血的集散地，他們前仆後繼地通過留學方式來把握加拿大的每一個機會；比起美國，加拿大的學生許可無需面簽，僅需通過IRCC系統線上提交申請，不需提心吊膽地面對簽證官！台灣學生僅需現場採集生物識別信息即可；全日制的學生還可以合法1周工作20小時（2022年底至2023年底之新政策為40小時），同時在在公立學院畢業後還能夠獲取到最長三年的工作許可（點我馬上了解），來繼續於加拿大求職，是留加學生的一大福音。 There are many checkpoints in the United States (visa interviews, immigration checks, and illegal labor investigations, etc.), and every link is full of doubts about the intentions of tourists visiting the United States. Putting heavy pressure on American society, more stringent screening of visitors is required. There are also some international students who have applied for visas several times before getting approved, which hurts their nerves and money. They all said that the American dream is really not easy! At the same time, part-time jobs for studying in the United States are mostly limited to campuses, and part-time jobs on campus are not as open as Canada. 3. 同化各族群的大熔爐 V.S 馬賽克般的拼貼文化 美國 一提到美國，關於種族歧視、治安等等的疑慮就浮現在很多人的心中，作為一個成年後的留學生，難免難以融入或者打破文化隔閡，甚遭到被激進主義者排斥，對於美國不熟悉的人難免會心生畏懼。不過這樣強調以美國主體的大環境，也造就了「大熔爐」的名號，讓多數來美的人士，都會盡所能地適應美式口音和文化、淡化自身背景。 加拿大 而加拿大的新移民們是整個國家的立國根基，「Where are you from?」是一句再常見不過的招呼，任何族群都在此有一定比例，也都保留一定程度的自身傳統，因此又有「Cultural mosaic」（文化馬賽克）的美名，在此可以看到各國文化持續為加拿大增添色彩；不但如此，當地相當重視文明與禮貌，反歧視的政策在生活、職場落實地相當完善，任何對膚色、種族、語言等的玩笑可是不能隨便開的哦！ As soon as the United States is mentioned, doubts about racial discrimination, public security, etc. emerge in the minds of many people. As an adult foreign student, it is inevitable that it is difficult to integrate into or break through cultural barriers, and even be rejected by activists. I am not familiar with the United States. people will inevitably feel fear. However, this emphasis on the overall environment of the.....

小費 加拿大  加拿大 是一個非常注重 小費 文化的國家，雖然並不是強制性的，但給小費已經成為了一種慣例，而且金額通常是以消費總額的百分比計算。但是小費要在 什麼情況下給? 餐廳?外帶?外送?參加旅行團及住飯店也要小費? 給多少呢? 這篇文章告訴你!  Canada is a country with a very culture-focused tipping culture. Although it is not mandatory, tipping has become a common practice, and the amount is usually calculated as a percentage of the total consumption. But under what circumstances should tips be given? Restaurant? Takeout? 餐廳 加拿大 小費 一般來說，加拿大餐廳的小費通常為消費總額的15-20%。當你在餐廳用餐時，如果你的服務態度非常好，那麼你可以給20%以上的小費；如果服務普通，就可以考慮給15%的小費。而小費給太少甚至沒給的情況下，小編聽過不少案例是被服務員追出來要小費的哦，所以如果覺得服務不好，也可以直接跟當班經理談談。   另外有一點要注意一下哦，在加拿大，有些餐廳會在帳單中自動包括小費，這被稱為「附加小費」（gratuity included）或者「自動小費」（automatic gratuity）。通常用餐人數較多時，餐廳可能會自動將小費加到帳單中，以避免出現客人未付小費的情況。自動附加小費的比例通常為 15%-18%，具體金額取決於餐廳的政策和規定。   那去餐廳外帶需要給小費嗎?其實是不用的，但如果你覺得服務員態度很好或是很喜歡這家餐廳，當然也可以給他們一些鼓勵的! Generally speaking, tipping in Canadian restaurants is usually 15-20% of the total bill. When you dine in a restaurant, if your service attitude is very good, then you can tip more than 20%; if the service is mediocre, you can consider tipping 15%. In the case of too little or no tipping, the editor has heard many cases where the waiter chased him out to ask for a tip, so if you feel that the service is not good, you can also talk to the manager on duty directly.   Another thing to note is that in Canada, some restaurants will automatically include tips in the bill. This is called “gratuity included” or “automatic gratuity”. Usually when there are many diners, the restaurant may automatically add the tip to the bill to avoid the situation that the guest does not pay the tip. The percentage of automatic additional gratuity is usually 15%-18%, the specific amount depends on the policy and regulations of the restaurant.   Do you need to tip when you go to a restaurant for takeout? Actually, you don’t need to, but if you think the waiter’s attitude is very good or you like this restaurant, you can of course give them some encouragement! 飯店 小費加拿大  一般來說，在退房當天早上，你可以留下每晚$2-$5的小費在桌上給服務人員，這取決於你所住的飯店等級以及你接受的服務質量。如果你需要額外的服務，例如請客房服務人員幫你送東西或者提供額外的毛巾等等，你也可以考慮給予額外的小費。 Generally speaking, on the morning of the check-out day, you can leave a tip of $2-$5 per night on the table for the service staff, depending on the level of the hotel you live in and the quality of service you receive. If you need extra service, such as asking the room service staff to deliver something for you or providing extra towels, etc., you can also consider giving extra tips. 外送員 外送員的小費金額為15%-20%，會根據送貨的距離、天氣等因素而有些不同，如果距離較遠或者當天有寒流、下雨或下雪，那可以給予多一些表示你的感激。 文化 小費 加拿大  Usually, the tip amount of the delivery staff is 15%-20%, which will vary according to the delivery distance, weather and other factors. If the distance is far away or there is a cold snap, rain or snow on the day, then you can give more to show you thanks. 司機 通常會給10%-20%，如果司機有幫你拿行李、天氣比較差或是去的地方比較偏僻遠(有可能回程時是載不到旅客的)，都可以考慮多給一點哦!.....